The amount of precipitation and the level of maritime moderation vary depending on location and elevation. The islands have warm summers and winters warm enough for the climate to be technically tropical at sea level. Mount Teide is the highest peak in Spain and the third tallest volcano in the world, measured from its base on the ocean floor. This is due to their beaches, subtropical climate, and important natural attractions, especially Maspalomas in Gran Canaria and Mount Teide (a World Heritage Site) in Tenerife. The Canary Islands, especially Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Fuerteventura, and Lanzarote, are a major tourist destination, with over 12 million visitors per year. The population is mostly concentrated in the two capital islands: around 43% on the island of Tenerife and 40% on the island of Gran Canaria. In 2019, the Canary Islands had a population of 2,153,389, with a density of 287.39 inhabitants per km 2, making it the eighth most populous autonomous community of Spain. Because of their location, the Canary Islands have historically been considered a link between the four continents of Africa, North America, South America, and Europe. The Canary Islands are the southernmost region of Spain, and the largest and most populous archipelago of Macaronesia. In ancient times, the island chain was often referred to as "the Fortunate Isles". It also includes a number of rocks, including Garachico and Anaga. The archipelago includes many smaller islands and islets, including La Graciosa, Alegranza, Isla de Lobos, Montaña Clara, Roque del Oeste, and Roque del Este. The seven main islands are (from largest to smallest in area) Tenerife, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, La Palma, La Gomera, and El Hierro. The islands have a population of 2.2 million people and are the most populous special territory of the European Union. They are the southernmost of the autonomous communities of Spain. At their closest point to the African mainland, they are 100 kilometres (62 miles) west of Morocco.
Cardinal chains level 49 windows#
(See for more information on the Energy Star windows program.The Canary Islands ( / k ə ˈ n ɛər i/ Spanish: Canarias, pronounced ), also known informally as the Canaries, are a Spanish autonomous community and archipelago in Macaronesia in the Atlantic Ocean. Northern zone will likely require the addition of LoĒ-i89 on the 4th surface to comply with U-Factor requirements. Windows with LoĒ² that are rated and certified by the NFRC can comply with Energy Star ™ requirements in all regions of the country. The smaller the number, the better the window system is at reducing heat loss.Ĭardinal actively supports and participates in the National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC). ☏, using winter night weather conditions of 0☏ outside and 70☏ inside.This represents the heat flow rate through a window expressed in BTU/hr The lower the number, the better the glass is for reducing fading potential of carpets and interior furnishings. This region includes all of the ultraviolet energy and part of the visible spectrum, and will give the best representation of relative fading rates. UV Damage Weighted Transmittance (Tdw) is the weighted average for wavelengths 300 – 780 nm (based on CIE 89/3).
The UV Transmittance is determined as an average for wavelengths 300 -380 nm. The lower the number, the better the glazing is at preventing solar gain. The amount of solar radiation that enters a building as heat. (See and for more information on glass optical data and the Window 7.4 program.) Emittance of ordinary (pyrolitic) low-E is 0.16. House heat/cool energy simulations used the Resfen program from Lawrence Berkeley National Lab ( ).Īll values calculated using Window 7.4. The existing double-pane windows used heat/cool thermostat setpoints of 72☏/74☏ to match the comfort of LoĒ²-270 glass at 70☏/78☏. “Equal Comfort” thermostat settings determined using window thermal comfort research from the University of California at Berkeley ( ). “Fixed Thermostat” conditions are 70☏ for heating and 75☏ for cooling. Interior shading devices are presumed to be closed 50% of the time throughout the year. Window orientation set as uniformly distributed on all sides to represent a neighborhood average and the total window area set to 15% of the floor area. “Average” house as described in the Buildings Data Book at The model house is described as a mid-1970’s single-story dwelling with natural gas furnace, central air-conditioning, adequate insulation, and double-pane windows. Savings values are average of multiple locations within climate zone. Heat/Cool portion of your energy bill:DOE estimates that in 2005 the average house spent $2,003 on utilities and that 43% of this total ($886) is for heating and cooling energy.
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